UPS電源電池故障率如何降低
定時(shi)(shi)查(cha)看(kan)各單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和內(nei)阻(zu)。對(dui)12V單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說，在查(cha)看(kan)中假如發(fa)現各單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池間的端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)差超越(yue)0.4V以(yi)(yi)上或電(dian)(dian)(dian)他的內(nei)阻(zu)超越(yue)80mΩ以(yi)(yi)上時(shi)(shi)，應該對(dui)各單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池進(jin)行均衡充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)(yi)康復(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的內(nei)阻(zu)和消除各單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池之(zhi)間的端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不平衡。均衡充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)取13.5～13.8V即可。通過良好均衡充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)處理的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池絕大多數都(dou)可將(jiang)其內(nei)阻(zu)康復(fu)到(dao)30mΩ以(yi)(yi)下(xia)。以(yi)(yi)下(xia)進(jin)行一(yi)下(xia)介(jie)紹：
1、使用供電(dian)頂峰充電(dian)
關于(yu)UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源長(chang)(chang)時刻處于(yu)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或頻頻停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶來說，為防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)因長(chang)(chang)時刻充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缺乏(fa)而過(guo)早損(sun)壞，應(ying)充(chong)(chong)分(fen)使用(yong)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頂峰對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以確(que)保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在每次放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之后(hou)有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時刻。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中要注意(yi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)選用(yong)。最好選用(yong)既具有恒流又有恒壓的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
2、減少(shao)深度放電(dian)
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)他的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命與(yu)它被放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)深度密切(qie)相關(guan)。UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)帶的(de)負載越輕，市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中止(zhi)時(shi)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)可(ke)供使(shi)用(yong)容量(liang)與(yu)其額外容量(liang)的(de)比值越大，在此(ci)情況(kuang)下，當UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過低(di)而主(zhu)動(dong)關(guan)機時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池被放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)深度就比較深。當UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)處于市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中止(zhi)，改由蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池向(xiang)逆(ni)變(bian)器供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀況(kuang)時(shi)，絕(jue)大多數UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)都會(hui)以(yi)空隙4s左右響一(yi)次(ci)的(de)周期性報(bao)警聲(sheng)，通知(zhi)用(yong)戶現在是由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池供給(gei)能量(liang)。當聽到(dao)報(bao)警聲(sheng)變(bian)急促時(shi)，就闡明(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)已(yi)處于深度放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，應立即進行應急處理，封(feng)閉(bi)UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。不是迫不得以(yi)，一(yi)般不要讓UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)直(zhi)作業到(dao)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過低(di)而主(zhu)動(dong)關(guan)機才結(jie)束。
3、定時查看
定時查看(kan)各(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)元電(dian)池的(de)端電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)內阻。對12V單(dan)(dan)元電(dian)池來說，在查看(kan)中(zhong)假如發現各(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)元電(dian)池間(jian)的(de)端電(dian)壓(ya)差超(chao)越0.4V以(yi)(yi)上(shang)或(huo)電(dian)他的(de)內阻超(chao)越80mΩ以(yi)(yi)上(shang)時，應該對各(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)元電(dian)池進行均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充(chong)電(dian)，以(yi)(yi)康復電(dian)池的(de)內阻和(he)消除(chu)各(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)元電(dian)池之間(jian)的(de)端電(dian)壓(ya)不平衡(heng)(heng)。均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充(chong)電(dian)時充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)取13.5～13.8V即可(ke)。通(tong)過良(liang)好(hao)均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充(chong)電(dian)處理的(de)電(dian)池絕大(da)多數都(dou)可(ke)將其內阻康復到30mΩ以(yi)(yi)下。
4、從頭浮充
UPS電源以使用(yong)機(ji)內(nei)的充(chong)電子產品電回路從頭(tou)對蓄(xu)電池(chi)浮(fu)充(chong)10～12h以上再帶載(zai)運行(xing)。UPS電源長時(shi)(shi)刻處于浮(fu)充(chong)狀況而(er)(er)沒有放(fang)電過程，相當于處在(zai)“貯存待用(yong)”狀況。假如這(zhe)種(zhong)狀況繼續的時(shi)(shi)刻過長，形(xing)成蓄(xu)電池(chi)因“貯存過久(jiu)”而(er)(er)失效作(zuo)廢，它首要表現為電池(chi)內(nei)阻增大(da)，嚴重時(shi)(shi)內(nei)阻可達幾Ω。因此主張用(yong)戶最好每隔(ge)幾個月有意地拔掉市電輸入，讓UPS電源作(zuo)業(ye)于由蓄(xu)電池(chi)向逆變(bian)器供給能量的狀況。但這(zhe)種(zhong)操(cao)作(zuo)不(bu)宜時(shi)(shi)刻過長，在(zai)負載(zai)為額(e)外(wai)輸出的30%左右時(shi)(shi)，約放(fang)電10min即可。
5、確保電源正常(chang)作業環境溫度
電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)(ke)供使(shi)用的(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)與環境溫度(du)密切相(xiang)關。一般情況(kuang)下，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)性(xing)能參數(shu)都是室溫為20℃條件下標定的(de)，當(dang)溫度(du)低于20℃時(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)他的(de)可(ke)(ke)供使(shi)用容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)將會(hui)減少，而(er)(er)溫度(du)高于20℃時(shi)，其可(ke)(ke)供使(shi)用的(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)會(hui)略(lve)有添加。當(dang)然，要延伸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組的(de)使(shi)用壽命不但在(zai)維護使(shi)用上要注意，而(er)(er)且在(zai)挑選(xuan)時(shi)就應充分考慮負載(zai)特性(xing)(電(dian)(dian)阻性(xing)、電(dian)(dian)理性(xing)、電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)性(xing))及巨細(xi)。不要長(chang)時(shi)刻使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)處(chu)于過度(du)輕載(zai)運行，以免電(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流過小導致電(dian)(dian)池(chi)作廢。
UPS電源在運行過(guo)程中，因為各單(dan)元電池特(te)性隨時(shi)刻改變(bian)而產生(sheng)的(de)上述不(bu)(bu)均衡(heng)性是不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能再(zai)依(yi)托UPS電源內部(bu)的(de)充(chong)電回(hui)路(lu)來消除的(de)，所以對(dui)這種特(te)性已發生(sheng)明顯不(bu)(bu)均衡(heng)性的(de)電池組，若不(bu)(bu)及時(shi)采取脫(tuo)機均充(chong)處(chu)理的(de)話，其不(bu)(bu)均衡(heng)度就會越(yue)來越(yue)嚴重。
電(dian)他的(de)使用壽命與(yu)(yu)它被(bei)放(fang)電(dian)的(de)深度密切相關。UPS電(dian)源所帶的(de)負載越輕，市電(dian)供電(dian)中止時(shi)，蓄電(dian)他的(de)可供使用容量與(yu)(yu)其額外(wai)容量的(de)比值越大，在此情況下，當UPS電(dian)源因電(dian)池電(dian)壓過低而主動關機時(shi)電(dian)池被(bei)放(fang)電(dian)的(de)深度就比較(jiao)深。
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